How many generations per year does the Black Grassbug have?

• A. Two generations per year
• B. One generation per year
• C. Three generations per year
• D. Continuous generations

Answer: (B)

The concept being tested is how many generations a pest completes in a year (voltinism). The Black Grassbug is univoltine, meaning it goes through one full life cycle in a year. In typical rangeland conditions, the season provides just enough time for one egg-to-adult generation to develop and reproduce before conditions become unfavorable again. There isn’t time for a second complete generation, so only one generation occurs annually. Two or more generations or continuous generations would require a longer or warmer season and overlapping life stages, which doesn’t fit this species in the usual study context.